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Ammonia and hydrocarbons

These liquids have practically zero-ODP and zero-GWP when released into the atmosphere and, consequently, are a very friendly environmental picture. Ammonia has long been used as a refrigerant for industrial applications. Engineering and maintenance requirements, have proven themselves to cope with its high toxicity and Flammability. There were events for the production of packaged liquid chillers with ammonia as a refrigerant for use in air-conditioning in supermarkets, for example.

Ammonia cannot be used with copper and copper alloys, refrigerant and components should be of steel or aluminum. This can be a problem for the air-conditioning market, where copper was the main material for pipelines and plant. One property, which is unique for ammonia compared with all other refrigerants is that it is less dense than air, so the leak of ammonia results in it rises above the plants and the atmosphere. If the plant room in the courtyard or on the roof leak of ammonia will drift away from the refrigeration unit.

Safety aspects of the ammonia plants are well documented and can be expected to increase the use of ammonia as a refrigerant.

Hydrocarbons for example, propane and butane are successfully used as a replacement and the new refrigerants for R12 systems. They have, obviously, flammable properties that must be taken into account health and safety requirements. However, there is a market for their use in sealed refrigerant systems, such as domestic refrigeration and unitary air conditioners...

 
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