Hot water, heating
Systems of water heating to transmit only the sensible heat to radiators, unlike steam systems that operate mainly due to the latent heat of vaporization. The result is that the heat sink temperature of the steam system is relatively high compared with that of a hot-water system. In hot water system, latent heat is not a state, to a large extent, the larger heating surface is required. Advantages of water heating includes:
- The temperature can vary widely, so it is more flexible than for low pressure higher than the atmospheric one) steam systems.
- Radiators will stay warm for a long time after heat generating the fire went out; thus, this system is the reservoir for heat storage.
The disadvantages are:
- There is a risk of freezing, when not in use.
- More or more heating surfaces (radiators) are required than with steam system.
There are two types of hot water supply, depending on how much hot water flows, thermal and forced circulation. The word "heat" refers to systems that depend on the difference in the mass of water per unit volume at different temperatures and they are the driving force that results in circulation.
This type is rightly called the severity of hot-water system. The difference in density and weight of the hot and cold water leads to a natural circulation throughout the system. In this appeal, it is necessary to ensure that water to carry heat from the boiler to the radiators.
In the forced circulation type system of hot water pump is used to force water through the pipeline. Thus, the thread does not depend on the difference in water temperature. Gravity hot water supply, are mainly used in small buildings, such as houses and small business sites. The advantages of this system include:
- Ease of operation.
- Lower installation costs.
- Low maintenance costs.
The disadvantages are:
- Possible water damage in case of leaks.
- Abrupt changes in temperature due to the slow response from the system.
- To properly balance the flow of water in the radiators is sometimes difficult.
- Non-attendance when the heat-generating device may not result in a freeze-up.
- Consumption depends on the severity, and, as a consequence, larger pipes for good work.
Forced hot water heating systems require a pump which forces water through pipelines. Limiting the flow, depends on the water temperature differences do not exist in this type of system. This can be either a one - or two-pipe diversity. In two-pipe systems, either direct or reverse returns and feed or down-feed networks can be used. The way the water from the boiler and through the heat sink and back to the boiler almost the same length for each of the radiators in the system. This is usually used one-pipe with forced circulation systems for small and medium-sized buildings when the hot water is used as a coolant.
Advantages of forced circulation include:
- There is a rapid response to changes in temperature.
- Smaller pipe sizes can be installed.
- Temperature in the room can be controlled automatically, if the burner or the flow of water is controlled by a thermostat.
- There is less danger of the water freezes and damage.
The disadvantages are:
All the high points must be thrown out. Radiant panel heating method of heating the room by a temperature increase of one or more of its internal surfaces (floor, walls or ceiling) instead of heating the air. One of the most common methods to achieve radiant heating is to install a specially built coils and length of the pipes in the floor, walls or ceiling. These rolls, as a rule, consist of smallbore wrought iron, steel, copper or copper pipes, as a rule, with an inner diameter of 3/8-inch to 1 inch. Every attention should be paid to the complete isolation of buildings with the radiant panel heating is used.
Ventilation is necessary for the proper management of any panel hot water heating system. Collection of air in the circuit pipe or coil results in the lack of heat. Due to continuous slope of the coil connections, it may be enough to install automatic air vents in the upper part of the return riser only, omitting such vents on the supply riser.
Some of the benefits of radiant panel heating:
- Radiant panel heating excludes radiators, lattice, thus providing more space and result in better arrangement of furniture and wall decoration.
- There is less bands walls and ceiling due to lower velocities of air flows.
- This provides a warm floors in houses without a cellar.
- This simplifies internal architectural and engineering of building structures.
- Well-designed and installed radiant panel heating system provides a low operating costs.
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