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Effect of dirty water cool condenser

Technical information Condensers and cooling towers The water-cooled condenser

Water cooled condenser

Refusal of heat from the capacitors described in Chapter 11. Treatment is water-cooled condensers. There are four types of capacitor, and shell, shell and coil, tube-in-tube and plate heat exchanger.

Hot, hot gas, as a rule, included in the top part of the case and desuperheated and condenses to a liquid under high pressure and temperature, coming into contact with horizontal pipes that transfer of cooling water. Some sub-coolant temperature is below the saturation corresponding to the prevailing inside the case also occurs and desirable. The condensed liquid, usually only enough to fill about below the fifth corps, but the shell should be large enough to hold a full charge refrigerant during repair or maintenance work is carried out on other system components. Thus, you do not need a separate liquid receiver.

Capacitor reject heat depends on the temperature difference between the condensation of the refrigerant and cooling water. Thus, its volume can be increased by increasing the temperature of condensation or by increasing the speed of water movement.

Increasing the temperature of the condensing has a side effect to reduce compressor output, as has been mentioned previously.

Some choices to open the cooling system: a small capacitor can be selected, giving high condensing temperature, or Vice versa. The first choice will result in more horsepower engine compressor drive and, accordingly, increase in the current expenditures. The alternative will lower operating costs, and capital costs will be more.

The ultimate selection of water consumption is about 0.06 l s~ " for each kW, temperature increase from 27C to 32C, as it passes through the condenser. Pressure settings for security and other purposes are expressed in BS 4434 and associated with good practice. Values are especially important if the plant is used as a heat pump, heat, as a rule, rejected at the condenser put to good use. Recommended settings:

High pressure cut-out parameter: design working pressure + 10% of the Maximum working pressure: high pressure cut-out option/0.9 test pressure: maximum operating pressure + 30% (if the steel shell) or + 50% (if the cast-iron shell).

Capacitors are used, mainly, with dirty water from the tower or another source, and take due account of fouling factor should be done. A typical value 0.000 175 6 m2 To W 1 (0.001 m2 hF/Btu) but if the pipe with high inner surface (for example, longitudinal and helical grooves) are used allowance for fouling must be greatly increased.

Starner (1976)claims that makes allowance for fouling factor does more than simply increase the thermal resistance. To achieve the same thermal conductivity it becomes necessary to increase the area of the surface of the evaporator and the presence of additional pipes reduces the speed of the water in it, giving further decrease of the overall coefficient of heat transfer. The groom et al. (1976) means that the increase of the fouling, as time goes by not increase the thermal resistance of a linear way: he claimed that fouling resistance increases with time asymptotically. Only about 1 degree of supercooling generally achieved but more hypothermia may be obtained, if it is organized in order to load the refrigerant piping condensate. It is important when considering the layout of the enterprise, that, at least, full length condenser shell is allowed for on-hook or mechanical cleaning...

 
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